Emergency referral |
If any of the following are present or suspected, refer the patient to the emergency department or seek emergency medical advice if in a remote region. |
- Large symptomatic pleural effusion
- Symptomatic pleural effusion with hypoxia (SpO2<92%) and respiratory distress
- Acute pneumothorax
- Suspected empyema (new pleural effusion with clinical and biochemical features of infection and/or pneumonia)
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Immediate referral |
Immediately contact on-call registrar or service to arrange immediate respiratory assessment (seen within 7 days):
|
- Large pleural effusion+/- suspected malignancy with no hypoxia or respiratory distress
To contact the relevant service, see Clinician Assist WA: Acute Respiratory assessment (external site).
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Clinical indications for outpatient referral |
If any of these issues are present, refer to outpatient services through the Central Referral Service (CRS).
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Symptoms as below in the context of a CT or CXR suggestive of a pleural disorder;
- Dyspnoea
- Chest pain
- Fevers
- Cough
- Weight loss
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Mandatory information |
Referrals missing 'mandatory information' with no explanation provided may not be accepted by site. If 'mandatory information' is not included, the explanation must be provided in the body of the referral (e.g. patient unable to access test in regional or remote areas or due to financial reason).
This information is required to inform accurate and timely triage. If unable to attach reports, please include relevant information/findings in the body of the referral and advise where (provider) investigation/imaging was completed.
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History |
- Relevant history, onset, duration, and severity of symptoms
- Smoking/vaping status and history
- Current medication list
- Any known allergies
- Occupational history/asbestos exposure
- Exposure to TB
- Cardiac history
- History of previous malignancy
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Examination |
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Investigations |
-
CXR and/or CT thorax (if large effusion on CXR, CT chest not required)
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Highly desirable |
History |
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Examination |
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Investigations |
- FBC
- U&Es
- LFTs
- Coagulation study results
- Echocardiogram
- Other relevant imaging
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Indicative clinical urgency category |
Category 1
Appointment within 30 days
|
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Category 2
Appointment within 90 days
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- Extensive pleural disease including:
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Category 3
Appointment within 365 days
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-
No defined category 3 criteria
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